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No federal permit to keep

Giant red tail gourami

Osphronemus laticlavius

Fishes › Gouramis, bettas, snakeheads (Anabantiformes) › Osphronemidae (Gouramis and bettas)

The giant red tail gourami (Osphronemus laticlavius) is a large species of gourami belonging to the family Osphronemidae.

Aquarium hobby
Experience: Beginner
Giant red tail gourami
Photo: Hectonichus, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
FamilyGouramis and bettas
Adult lengthup to 19.7 in
WaterFreshwater
HabitatLives in freshwater. Stays near the bottom

Care at a glance

Species-specific aquarium care

  • Tank: At least 78 in long and 39 in front to back for one adult (adults commonly reach about 19.7 in / 50 cm).
  • Water: Freshwater.
  • Layout: Lives on or near the bottom: floor space and hiding places matter more than height.
  • Availability: Rarely or never seen in the aquarium trade; expect to source it from specialists or not at all.

Calculated from this species' own FishBase record: tank size from its typical adult length and swimming zone, water values from its recorded ranges. The group guide below fills in general care.

Care guide

Species care notes

  • Tank: a base of at least 71 × 24 in (roughly 171 US gallons); space needed is rated “very large tank”.
  • Water: a fairly wide range, from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline, 68–86 °F, pH 6.5–8, 5–25 dGH.
  • Behaviour: temperament predatory.
  • Difficulty: Moderate (Seriously Fish rating).

Short excerpts from the species profile:

  • Setup: “Provide shelter in the form of water-worn rocks and large pieces of bogwood.”
  • Tankmates: “Will eat smaller fish but is generally peaceful with other large fish.”
  • Breeding: “Not yet reported in aquaria, but probably breeds in a similar fashion to its cousin O.”

From the Seriously Fish profile for this species, which has the full habitat, maintenance, diet, behaviour and breeding write-up 167

Group care guide

Gouramis and labyrinth fish

Applies to most species in this group. Habitat: Warm, still, vegetated waters. Individual species can differ, so compare with the species numbers above and the linked sources.

Housing & setup

  • Planted, calm tanks with floating plants; they breathe air at the surface, so leave a gap under the lid.

Sources 117119164118280

Diet

  • Food acceptance is species-specific. Parosphromenus deissneri needs tiny live invertebrate foods and commonly refuses dried foods; a pellet/flake staple cannot cover every labyrinth fish.

Sources 117119164118280

Health watch

  • Males are territorial; dwarf gourami iridovirus.

Sources 117119164118280

Understanding the animal

This species is part of a group that hobbyists, aviculturists or zoos keep widely (Gouramis and bettas), so it's included for completeness. It may be rare in captivity itself, or not kept at all. Use the group guide as a starting point and look for species-specific advice from experienced keepers.
About this animal

About this animal

This endangered fish is native to the Southeast Asian island of Borneo, where only known from the Kinabatangan and Segama river basins in Sabah, East Malaysia. First described in 1992 based on an aquarium specimen, its exact range was not entirely certain, leading some source to incorrectly also report it from Indonesia.

Quoted from the Wikipedia article “Giant red tail gourami” (CC BY-SA 4.0) 174

In the wild

In the wild

From this species’ own FishBase record (habitat, bottom type, water and breeding data), not its family. Good care copies these conditions.1

Where it livesLives in freshwater. Stays near the bottom.
Water it lives inFreshwater.
ClimateTropical climate.
  1. FishBase species summary: Osphronemus laticlavius
Native climate (measured)

Native climate (measured)

Warm-season highsabout 88°F (up to 89°F in the hottest sampled areas)
Cool-season lowsabout 73°F (down to 72°F in the coldest sampled areas)
Average temperature79–81°F across sampled records
Relative humidity82–84% on average (driest month about 81%)
Rainfallabout 2498 mm a year, spread fairly evenly

Measured at 5 wild occurrence records sampled against WorldClim 2.1 climate data (1970–2000 averages). Air conditions in the range are ecological context, not enclosure settings: microhabitats such as burrows, leaf litter or basking rocks can be cooler, warmer or more humid.

From the sources

From the sources

Quoted from the matching sections of reputable sources for this exact species. Specialist databases are used first; Wikipedia (community-edited, CC BY-SA 4.0) only fills gaps. Other sources are short credited quotes.

OverviewThe giant red tail gourami (Osphronemus laticlavius) is a large species of gourami belonging to the family Osphronemidae. This endangered fish is native to the Southeast Asian island of Borneo, where only known from the Kinabatangan and Segama river basins in Sabah, East Malaysia. First described in 1992 based on an aquarium specimen, its exact range was not entirely certain, leading some source to incorrectly also report it from Indonesia. — Wikipedia (community-edited)
Where it livesHome ranges Population dynamics Growth parameters Max. ages / sizes Length-weight rel. Length-frequencies Mass conversion Recruitment Abundance Life cycle Reproduction Maturity Maturity/Gills rel. — FishBase
Appearance and sizeAdults of Osphronemus laticlavius can grow up to 50 cm. These fishes have 10 dorsal spines, 13–14 dorsal soft rays, 11–12 anal spines and 16 – 18 anal soft rays. Body is massive, laterally compressed, with an almost oval shape. — Wikipedia (community-edited)

Data and studies

The numbers

The numbers

Each bar is what one source reports. Where several sources weigh in, the dashed gold band marks their average.

Adult length

Average of sources19.7in
FishBase 16419.7
Seriously Fish species profiles 16719.7

Maximum recorded length. Measured as standard length (snout to the base of the tail, not counting the tail fin). Fish in home aquariums often stay smaller than wild records.

Water temperature

Reported68–86°F
Seriously Fish species profiles 16768–86

Range the species tolerates; aim for the middle.

pH

Reported6.5–8
Seriously Fish species profiles 1676.5–8

Water hardness

Reported5–25dGH
Seriously Fish species profiles 1675–25

Minimum tank footprint

Reported71in
Seriously Fish species profiles 16771

Seriously Fish recommends a tank base of at least 71 × 24 in (about 171 US gallons).

Sources for this sheet

  1. FishBase (Froese & Pauly, eds.), version 24.07 Peer-reviewed researchThe global scientific database on fishes, maintained by a consortium of research institutions; every value is referenced.
  2. Seriously Fish species profiles Experienced keeper or breederLong-running aquarium reference written and peer-checked by experienced fishkeepers and ichthyologists; each profile covers habitat, tank size, water, diet, behaviour and breeding.
  3. Merck Veterinary Manual: Management of aquarium fish Zoo, university or veterinaryThe Merck Veterinary Manual: a standard veterinary reference written and reviewed by veterinary specialists.
  4. Merck Veterinary Manual: Types and features of aquatic systems Zoo, university or veterinaryThe Merck Veterinary Manual: a standard veterinary reference written and reviewed by veterinary specialists.
  5. Merck Veterinary Manual: Nutritional diseases of fish Zoo, university or veterinaryThe Merck Veterinary Manual: a standard veterinary reference written and reviewed by veterinary specialists.
  6. Seriously Fish — Parosphromenus deissneri Zoo, university or veterinaryAdded in the 2026 source-checked care-guide review.
  7. Wikipedia (species article) Community referenceFree encyclopedia; useful overviews with their own citations. Intro text is quoted under CC BY-SA 4.0.
  8. iNaturalist (captive observations) Community referenceCommunity observation platform run by the California Academy of Sciences and National Geographic; observations marked captive show animals living in homes, zoos and aquariums.