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Indian glassy fish

Parambassis ranga

Also known as Indian Glass Perch

Fishes › Damselfish and dottybacks (Ovalentaria) › Ambassidae (Glassfish)

Parambassis ranga, commonly known as the Indian glassy fish, Indian glassy perch, or Indian X-ray fish, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the Asiatic glassfish family Ambassidae.

Aquarium hobby
Experience: Intermediate
Indian glassy fish
Photo: opencage, CC BY-SA 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons
FamilyGlassfish
Adult lengthup to 3.7 in
WaterFreshwater, brackish
HabitatLives in freshwater and brackish water

Care at a glance

Species-specific aquarium care

  • Tank: At least 24 in long and 12 in front to back for one adult (adults commonly reach about 3.7 in / 9.5 cm).
  • Water: Freshwater (tolerates brackish).
  • Temperature: 68–86°F (range recorded for this species).
  • pH: 7–8.
  • Hardness: 9–19 dGH.
  • Layout: Lives on or near the bottom: floor space and hiding places matter more than height.
  • Diet: FishBase classes it as a carnivore.

Calculated from this species' own FishBase record: tank size from its typical adult length and swimming zone, water values from its recorded ranges. The group guide below fills in general care.

Care guide

Species care notes

  • Tank: a base of at least 31 × 12 in (roughly 19 US gallons); space needed is rated “modest tank”.
  • Water: a fairly wide range, from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline, 68–86 °F, pH 6.5–8, 8–20 dGH.
  • Behaviour: a shoaling fish best kept in a group of six or more.
  • Difficulty: Easy (Seriously Fish rating).

Short excerpts from the species profile:

  • Setup: “A dark substrate will help to make this shy species less nervous and encourage it to display its best colours.”
  • Diet: “Relatively unfussy and will accept most live, frozen and dried foods.”
  • Breeding: “Not too difficult, although the fry are difficult to raise.”

From the Seriously Fish profile for this species, which has the full habitat, maintenance, diet, behaviour and breeding write-up 167

Group care guide

Glassfish

Applies to most species in this group. Habitat: Indian glassfish inhabit slow or still water, whereas humphead glassfish inhabit clear, fast, well-oxygenated freshwater streams with rocky substrates in Myanmar. [fg243-ranga, fg243-pulcinella]. Individual species can differ, so compare with the species numbers above and the linked sources.

No single family water-temperature range is justified: P. ranga is reported at 68–86°F, P. pulcinella at approximately 73–81°F. P. pulcinella requires freshwater; P. ranga needs no added salt although it tolerates slightly brackish conditions. These profiles do not establish parameters for the listed Ambassis, P. dayi or P. lala: obtain species-specific advice. Reject artificially dyed glassfish, which suffer shortened survival. Level 3 reflects these identification and habitat differences. [fg243-ranga, fg243-pulcinella]

Housing & setup

  • For Parambassis ranga, provide at least 80 × 30 × 30 cm (about 31 × 12 × 12 inches).
  • For P. pulcinella, provide at least 90 × 30 × 30 cm (about 36 × 12 × 12 inches).
  • Give shy P. ranga a dark substrate, densely planted refuges and floating vegetation.
  • Match flow to species: calm refuges for P. ranga and well-oxygenated water for stream-dwelling P. pulcinella.
  • Maintain freshwater P. pulcinella at pH 7.0–7.5; P. ranga's cited range is pH 6.5–8.0.

Sources 117811791180

Diet

  • Appropriately sized quality flakes or pellets.
  • Live or frozen bloodworms.
  • Live or frozen brine shrimp.

Sources 117811791180

Social life

  • Keep P. ranga in groups of at least six with peaceful companions. P. pulcinella can be grouped but may chase conspecifics and intimidate smaller fish.

Sources 117811791180

Health watch

  • Ammonia-related illness in inadequately established aquariums.
  • Nutritional deficiencies from an unsuitable diet.
  • Infectious skin or gill disease introduced by unquarantined stock.

Sources 117811791180

Understanding the animal

About this animal

About this animal

It is native to an area of South Asia from Pakistan to Vietnam, Malaysia and Bangladesh. The Indian glassy fish has an extraordinarily transparent body, revealing its bones and internal organs; the male develops a dark edge to the dorsal fin.

Quoted from the Wikipedia article “Parambassis ranga” (CC BY-SA 4.0) 174

In the wild

In the wild

From this species’ own FishBase record (habitat, bottom type, water and breeding data), not its family. Good care copies these conditions.1

Where it livesLives in freshwater and brackish water, in rivers and streams, marshes and swamps, rice paddies. Stays near the bottom. Found in sluggish and standing water. A common species proliferating in impoundments. Most abundant during the rainy season. Feeds on invertebrates.
Water it lives inFreshwater / brackish water, 68–86 °F (20–30 °C), pH 7–8, hardness 9–19 dH.
ClimateTropical climate.
Behavior to plan forBreeding: open water/substratum egg scatterers.

What this means for care

  • Keep water within its wild range, 68–86 °F.
  • It tolerates or needs brackish water; check salinity needs before setup.
  1. FishBase species summary: Parambassis ranga
Native climate (measured)

Native climate (measured)

Warm-season highsabout 94°F (up to 104°F in the hottest sampled areas)
Cool-season lowsabout 56°F (down to 49°F in the coldest sampled areas)
Average temperature74–81°F across sampled records
Relative humidity66–76% on average (driest month about 59%)
Rainfallabout 1812 mm a year, with strong wet and dry seasons

Measured at 133 wild occurrence records sampled against WorldClim 2.1 climate data (1970–2000 averages). Air conditions in the range are ecological context, not enclosure settings: microhabitats such as burrows, leaf litter or basking rocks can be cooler, warmer or more humid.

From the sources

From the sources

Quoted from the matching sections of reputable sources for this exact species. Specialist databases are used first; Wikipedia (community-edited, CC BY-SA 4.0) only fills gaps. Other sources are short credited quotes.

OverviewParambassis ranga, commonly known as the Indian glassy fish, Indian glassy perch, or Indian X-ray fish, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the Asiatic glassfish family Ambassidae. It is native to an area of South Asia from Pakistan to Vietnam, Malaysia and Bangladesh. The Indian glassy fish has an extraordinarily transparent body, revealing its bones and internal organs; the male develops a dark edge to the dorsal fin. The fish grows to a maximum overall length of 80 mm. — Wikipedia (community-edited)
Where it livesHome ranges Population dynamics Growth parameters Max. ages / sizes Length-weight rel. Length-frequencies Mass conversion Recruitment Abundance Life cycle Reproduction Maturity Maturity/Gills rel. — FishBase
BiologyFound in sluggish and standing water. A common species proliferating in impoundments. Most abundant during the rainy season. — FishBase

Data and studies

The numbers

The numbers

Each bar is what one source reports. Where several sources weigh in, the dashed gold band marks their average.

Typical adult weight

Reported11.5g
FishBase 16411.5

Average adult body mass in each database (FishBase gives the maximum recorded weight).

Adult length

Average of sources3.4in
FishBase 1643.7
Seriously Fish species profiles 1673.1

Maximum recorded length. Measured as total length. Fish in home aquariums often stay smaller than wild records.

Water temperature

Average of sources68–86°F
FishBase 16468–86
Seriously Fish species profiles 16768–86

Range the species tolerates in nature; aim for the middle.

pH

Average of sources6.8–8
FishBase 1647–8
Seriously Fish species profiles 1676.5–8

Water hardness

Average of sources8.5–19.5dGH
FishBase 1649–19
Seriously Fish species profiles 1678–20

Minimum tank footprint

Reported31in
Seriously Fish species profiles 16731

Seriously Fish recommends a tank base of at least 31 × 12 in (about 19 US gallons).

Sources for this sheet

  1. FishBase (Froese & Pauly, eds.), version 24.07 Peer-reviewed researchThe global scientific database on fishes, maintained by a consortium of research institutions; every value is referenced.
  2. Seriously Fish species profiles Experienced keeper or breederLong-running aquarium reference written and peer-checked by experienced fishkeepers and ichthyologists; each profile covers habitat, tank size, water, diet, behaviour and breeding.
  3. Seriously Fish: Indian Glass Fish (Parambassis ranga) Experienced keeper or breederAdded in the 2026 source-checked care-guide review.
  4. Seriously Fish: Parambassis pulcinella Experienced keeper or breederAdded in the 2026 source-checked care-guide review.
  5. Merck Veterinary Manual: Disorders and Diseases of Fish Zoo, university or veterinaryAdded in the 2026 source-checked care-guide review.
  6. Wikipedia (species article) Community referenceFree encyclopedia; useful overviews with their own citations. Intro text is quoted under CC BY-SA 4.0.