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Trachydoras steindachneri

Trachydoras steindachneri

Fishes › Catfish (Siluriformes) › Doradidae (Thorny catfish)

Trachydoras steindachneri is a species of thorny catfish native to the Amazon basin of Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.

Intro from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Aquarium hobby
Experience: Advanced
FamilyThorny catfish
Adult lengthup to 6.3 in
WaterFreshwater
HabitatLives in freshwater. Stays near the bottom

Care at a glance

Species-specific aquarium care

  • Tank: At least 24 in long and 12 in front to back for one adult (adults commonly reach about 6.3 in / 16 cm).
  • Water: Freshwater.
  • Layout: Lives on or near the bottom: floor space and hiding places matter more than height.
  • Availability: Rarely or never seen in the aquarium trade; expect to source it from specialists or not at all.

Calculated from this species' own FishBase record: tank size from its typical adult length and swimming zone, water values from its recorded ranges. The group guide below fills in general care.

Care guide

Species care notes

  • Tank: a base of at least 35 × 15 in (roughly 27 US gallons); space needed is rated “large tank”.
  • Water: a fairly wide range, from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline, 75–79 °F, pH 6–7, 0–20 dGH.
  • Difficulty: Moderate (Seriously Fish rating).

Short excerpts from the species profile:

  • Setup: “This species will appreciate a densely planted tank with an abundance of hiding places in the form of caves, bogwood and flowerpots.”
  • Diet: “Bottom feeder so sinking foods are advised.”
  • Tankmates: “Community fish suitable for a variety of setups including smaller fish such as tetras and barbs and can also be kept with peaceful dwarf cichlids and gouramis.”

From the Seriously Fish profile for this species, which has the full habitat, maintenance, diet, behaviour and breeding write-up 167

Group care guide

Thorny catfish

Applies to most species in this group. Habitat: South American doradids include nocturnal Raphael catfish sheltering among roots and vegetation in sluggish tributaries, creeks and swamps. [fg181-raph]. Individual species can differ, so compare with the species numbers above and the linked sources.

The water range is for P. armatulus; ScotCat gives 69.8–75.2°F for O. niger, which can exceed 90 cm. No numeric Oxydoras enclosure minimum is given by that source. P. costatus is a separate species. Individual protocols for Megalodoras uranoscopus, Agamyxis pectinifrons, A. albomaculatus, Hassar orestis and Acanthodoras cataphractus are not established here; do not use the Raphael minimum indiscriminately. Sharp armor makes transfers hazardous. Level 4 is an editorial rating reflecting giant members; P. armatulus is easier. [fg181-raph, fg181-oxy]

Housing & setup

  • For Platydoras armatulus, provide at least 120 × 30 × 30 cm; this minimum does not house giant doradids.
  • Use subdued lighting and numerous roomy wood, pot or pipe refuges.
  • Deliver sinking food after lights-out to reach hidden fish.
  • Oxydoras niger needs very large accommodation and adult-sized drainpipe or wood shelters.
  • Guard heaters against resting fish, particularly large Oxydoras.

Sources 952953954

Climate & lighting

Water75.2–86°F

Sources 952953954

Diet

  • Sinking catfish pellets or tablets.
  • Frozen bloodworms.
  • Earthworms.
  • Chopped mussel for larger Oxydoras.

Sources 952953954

Social life

  • Platydoras armatulus tolerates its own kind and may share shelters; Oxydoras is also generally peaceful. Choose companions too large to swallow.

Sources 952953954

Handling

  • Avoid mesh entanglement when transferring spiny doradids; protect yourself from sharp pectoral spines and lateral scutes.

Sources 952953954

Health watch

  • Heater-contact burns in large sheltering catfish.
  • Ammonia-related gill injury in poorly maintained systems.
  • Skin parasites and secondary bacterial infections; general aquarium-fish risks.

Sources 952953954

Understanding the animal

This species is part of a group that hobbyists, aviculturists or zoos keep widely (Thorny catfish), so it's included for completeness. It may be rare in captivity itself, or not kept at all. Use the group guide as a starting point and look for species-specific advice from experienced keepers.
In the wild

In the wild

From this species’ own FishBase record (habitat, bottom type, water and breeding data), not its family. Good care copies these conditions.1

Where it livesLives in freshwater. Stays near the bottom.
Water it lives inFreshwater.
ClimateTropical climate.
  1. FishBase species summary: Trachydoras steindachneri
Native climate (measured)

Native climate (measured)

Warm-season highsabout 90°F (up to 92°F in the hottest sampled areas)
Cool-season lowsabout 70°F (down to 63°F in the coldest sampled areas)
Average temperature78–81°F across sampled records
Relative humidity81–85% on average (driest month about 79%)
Rainfallabout 2342 mm a year

Measured at 98 wild occurrence records sampled against WorldClim 2.1 climate data (1970–2000 averages). Air conditions in the range are ecological context, not enclosure settings: microhabitats such as burrows, leaf litter or basking rocks can be cooler, warmer or more humid.

From the sources

From the sources

Quoted from the matching sections of reputable sources for this exact species. Specialist databases are used first; Wikipedia (community-edited, CC BY-SA 4.0) only fills gaps. Other sources are short credited quotes.

Where it livesHome ranges Population dynamics Growth parameters Max. ages / sizes Length-weight rel. Length-frequencies Mass conversion Recruitment Abundance Life cycle Reproduction Maturity Maturity/Gills rel. — FishBase

Data and studies

The numbers

The numbers

Each bar is what one source reports. Where several sources weigh in, the dashed gold band marks their average.

Typical adult weight

Reported90g
FishBase 16490

Average adult body mass in each database (FishBase gives the maximum recorded weight).

Adult length

Average of sources4.8in
FishBase 1646.3
Seriously Fish species profiles 1673.4

Maximum recorded length. Measured as standard length (snout to the base of the tail, not counting the tail fin). Fish in home aquariums often stay smaller than wild records.

Water temperature

Reported75–79°F
Seriously Fish species profiles 16775–79

Range the species tolerates; aim for the middle.

pH

Reported6–7
Seriously Fish species profiles 1676–7

Water hardness

Reported0–20dGH
Seriously Fish species profiles 1670–20

Minimum tank footprint

Reported35in
Seriously Fish species profiles 16735

Seriously Fish recommends a tank base of at least 35 × 15 in (about 27 US gallons).

Sources for this sheet

  1. FishBase (Froese & Pauly, eds.), version 24.07 Peer-reviewed researchThe global scientific database on fishes, maintained by a consortium of research institutions; every value is referenced.
  2. Seriously Fish species profiles Experienced keeper or breederLong-running aquarium reference written and peer-checked by experienced fishkeepers and ichthyologists; each profile covers habitat, tank size, water, diet, behaviour and breeding.
  3. Seriously Fish: Platydoras armatulus Experienced keeper or breederAdded in the 2026 source-checked care-guide review.
  4. ScotCat: Oxydoras niger factsheet Experienced keeper or breederAdded in the 2026 source-checked care-guide review.
  5. Merck Veterinary Manual: Disorders and Diseases of Fish Zoo, university or veterinaryAdded in the 2026 source-checked care-guide review.
  6. Wikipedia (species article) Community referenceFree encyclopedia; useful overviews with their own citations. Intro text is quoted under CC BY-SA 4.0.